import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

public class CallPythonFromJava {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            // 创建Python进程
            ProcessBuilder processBuilder = new ProcessBuilder("python", "my_module.py");
            processBuilder.redirectErrorStream(true); // 合并错误流到输出流

            Process process = processBuilder.start();

            // 获取Python输出流
            InputStream inputStream = process.getInputStream();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));

            // 实时输出
            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(line);
            }

            // 等待进程结束
            int exitCode = process.waitFor();
            System.out.println("Python process exited with code " + exitCode);

        } catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

参考资料：https://blog.csdn.net/2301_79533350/article/details/132973965